HEREDITY
MUTATIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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is the insertion of a nucleotide in the DNA sequence
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is the deletion of a base
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is when one nucleotide is substituted for another
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affects all the codons in a gene that follows it.
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Detailed explanation-1: -A point mutation occurs in a genome when a single base pair is added, deleted or changed. While most point mutations are benign, they can also have various functional consequences, including changes in gene expression or alterations in encoded proteins.
Detailed explanation-2: -Missense: A missense variant is a type of substitution in which the nucleotide change results in the replacement of one protein building block (amino acid) with another in the protein made from the gene.
Detailed explanation-3: -Single base substitutions are called point mutations, recall the point mutation Glu—–> Val which causes sickle-cell disease. Point mutations are the most common type of mutation and there are two types.
Detailed explanation-4: -(poynt myoo-TAY-shun) A genetic alteration caused by the substitution of a single nucleotide for another nucleotide.
Detailed explanation-5: -A substitution is a mutation that exchanges one base for another (i.e., a change in a single “chemical letter” such as switching an A to a G). Such a substitution could: change a codon to one that encodes a different amino acid and cause a small change in the protein produced.