AP BIOLOGY

HEREDITY

MUTATIONS

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
A very negative mutation that will result in the DNA sequence shifting the sequence over in any direction.
A
Frameshift
B
Substitution
C
Replication
D
Translation
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -If a mutation disrupts this normal reading frame, then the entire gene sequence following the mutation will be incorrectly read. This can result in the addition of the wrong amino acids to the protein and/or the creation of a codon that stops the protein from growing longer.

Detailed explanation-2: -Two frameshift mutations in the CFTR genes cause cystic fibrosis (one involves the insertion of two nucleotides, and the other involves the deletion of one nucleotide).

Detailed explanation-3: -A frameshift variant occurs when there is an addition or loss of nucleotides that shifts the grouping and changes the code for all downstream amino acids. The resulting protein is usually nonfunctional. Insertions, deletions, and duplications can all be frameshift variants.

Detailed explanation-4: -Insertion mutations and deletion mutations are the two forms of frameshift mutations that might occur. Both have a similar overall impact, shifting the translational reading frame out of alignment and producing a random amino acid sequence.

Detailed explanation-5: -Listen to pronunciation. (FRAYM-shift myoo-TAY-shun) An insertion or deletion involving a number of base pairs that is not a multiple of three, which consequently disrupts the triplet reading frame of a DNA sequence.

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