AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The majority of mutations are neutral in their effects on the organisms in which they occur. Beneficial mutations may become more common through natural selection. Harmful mutations may cause genetic disorders or cancer.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mutational effects can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral, depending on their context or location. Most non-neutral mutations are deleterious. In general, the more base pairs that are affected by a mutation, the larger the effect of the mutation, and the larger the mutation’s probability of being deleterious.

Detailed explanation-3: -Neutral mutations are changes in DNA sequence that are neither beneficial nor detrimental to the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce.

Detailed explanation-4: -Harmful mutations may cause genetic disorders or cancer. Beneficial mutations are essential for evolution to occur. They increase an organism’s changes of surviving or reproducing, so they are likely to become more common over time. A genetic disorder is a disease caused by a mutation in one or a few genes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Answer and Explanation: Mutations are almost always neutral because they are silent mutations. Mutations can occur because on nucleotide is replaced by another, a section may be changed with another or inserted and a gene could be duplicated. They don’t occur as a result of the environment, they just happen.