AP BIOLOGY

HEREDITY

MUTATIONS

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Normal-GAG-CTC-GAC-AGAMutantGAG CTC-CAC-AGA
A
no mutation
B
substitution
C
insertion
D
deletion
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Substitution mutations can be good, bad, or have no effect. They cause three specific types of point mutation: silent, missense, and nonsense mutations.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are three types of DNA Mutations: base substitutions, deletions and insertions. Single base substitutions are called point mutations, recall the point mutation Glu—–> Val which causes sickle-cell disease. Point mutations are the most common type of mutation and there are two types.

Detailed explanation-3: -Such a substitution could: change a codon to one that encodes a different amino acid and cause a small change in the protein produced. For example, sickle cell anemia is caused by a substitution in the beta-hemoglobin gene, which alters a single amino acid in the protein produced.

Detailed explanation-4: -Substitution, as related to genomics, is a type of mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by a different nucleotide. The term can also refer to the replacement of one amino acid in a protein with a different amino acid.

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