AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -At each point of juncture within a polynucleotide, the 5’ end of one nucleotide attaches to the 3’ end of the adjacent nucleotide through a connection called a phosphodiester bond (Figure 3). It is this alternating sugar-phosphate arrangement that forms the “backbone” of a DNA molecule.

Detailed explanation-2: -DNA and RNA are composed of nucleotides that are linked to one another in a chain by chemical bonds, called ester bonds, between the sugar base of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of the adjacent nucleotide. The sugar is the 3’ end, and the phosphate is the 5’ end of each nucleiotide.

Detailed explanation-3: -Answer and Explanation: The statement that is true about the structure of nucleotides is (a.) Composed of 1 phosphate, 1 nitrogen base, and 1 sugar. Nucleotides are the primary building blocks of the nucleic acids, DNA and RNA.

Detailed explanation-4: -Nucleotides are in particular essential for replication of DNA and transcription of RNA in rapidly dividing stages. Nucleotides are also essential in providing the cellular energy sources (ATP and GTP), and are involved in numerous other metabolic roles.

Detailed explanation-5: -Nucleotides polymerize by chemically linking a phosphate group at the 5′ position of one nucleotide to the hydroxyl group at the 3′ position of the next nucleotide. The linkage creates a phosphodiester bond, releasing a water molecule.