AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Chromosome mutations can result in changes in the number of chromosomes in a cell or changes in the structure of a chromosome. Unlike a gene mutation which alters a single gene or larger segment of DNA on a chromosome, chromosome mutations change and impact the entire chromosome.

Detailed explanation-2: -Those that produce changes in whole chromosomes are known as chromosomal mutations. Mutations that involve changes in one or a few nucleotides are known as point mutations because they occur at a single point in the DNA sequence.

Detailed explanation-3: -Chromosome structure mutations are alterations that affect whole chromosomes and whole genes rather than just individual nucleotides. These mutations result from errors in cell division that cause a section of a chromosome to break off, be duplicated or move onto another chromosome.

Detailed explanation-4: -A gain or loss in the number of chromosomes from the normal 46 is called aneuploidy. A common form of aneuploidy is trisomy, or the presence of an extra chromosome in cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -Genetic mutations are changes to your DNA sequence that happen during cell division when your cells make copies of themselves. Your DNA tells your body how to form and function. Genetic mutations could lead to genetic conditions like cancer, or they could help humans better adapt to their environment over time.