AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The triplets of nitrogenous bases in DNA that code for amino acids is called codons. There are 64 codons, 61 of which code for different amino acids.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hidden within the genetic code lies the “triplet code, ” a series of three nucleotides that determine a single amino acid.

Detailed explanation-3: -Is the code universal? No. Although most organisms have the same genetic code, researchers began to discover exceptions to the ‘universal’ code in 1979, and today we know of more than 15 alternative codes; each has just a few differences from the standard code, indicating common ancestry from this code.

Detailed explanation-4: -The universal triple-nucleotide genetic code, allowing DNA-encoded mRNA to be translated into the amino acid sequences of proteins using transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and many accessory and modification factors, is essentially common to all living organisms on Earth (1, –3).