HEREDITY
MUTATIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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All organisms encode their genes using DNA or RNA.
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All organisms can grow, respond to stimuli, and reproduce
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All organisms use the same codon for the same amino acid.
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All organisms are genetically related to all other organisms.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The genetic code is nearly universal, meaning that almost all organisms use the same genetic code. Which statement does NOT help explain why the genetic code is nearly universal? All organisms encode their genes using DNA or RNA.
Detailed explanation-2: -It is considered universal because humans, animals, plants and bacteria all have the exact same genetic code. All known organisms have the same four nucleotide bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine) but are different due to different arrangements of these nucleotide bases.
Detailed explanation-3: -Is the code universal? No. Although most organisms have the same genetic code, researchers began to discover exceptions to the ‘universal’ code in 1979, and today we know of more than 15 alternative codes; each has just a few differences from the standard code, indicating common ancestry from this code.
Detailed explanation-4: -Characteristics of the Genetic Code All known living organisms use the same genetic code. This shows that all organisms share a common evolutionary history. The genetic code is unambiguous. Each codon codes for just one amino acid (or start or stop).
Detailed explanation-5: -The standard genetic code (SGC) is virtually universal among extant life forms. Although many deviations from the universal code exist, particularly in organelles and prokaryotes with small genomes, they are limited in scope and obviously secondary.