AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Substitution, as related to genomics, is a type of mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by a different nucleotide. The term can also refer to the replacement of one amino acid in a protein with a different amino acid.

Detailed explanation-2: -A substitution is a mutation that exchanges one base for another (i.e., a change in a single “chemical letter” such as switching an A to a G). Such a substitution could: change a codon to one that encodes a different amino acid and cause a small change in the protein produced.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mutations can be of many types, such as substitution, deletion, insertion, and translocation.

Detailed explanation-4: -It is a type of mutation where a nucleobase is replaced by another one. It is a type of mutation where nucleotides are added/inserted into the DNA sequence. It is a type of mutation where the nucleotides are removed/deleted from the sequence. It causes base substitution or point mutation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Point Mutation A point mutation occurs in a genome when a single base pair is added, deleted or changed. While most point mutations are benign, they can also have various functional consequences, including changes in gene expression or alterations in encoded proteins.