AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism. Mutations can result from errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens or a viral infection.

Detailed explanation-2: -Changes to short stretches of nucleotides are called gene-level mutations, because these mutations affect the specific genes that provide instructions for various functional molecules, including proteins. Changes in these molecules can have an impact on any number of an organism’s physical characteristics.

Detailed explanation-3: -(myoo-TAY-shun) Any change in the DNA sequence of a cell. Mutations may be caused by mistakes during cell division, or they may be caused by exposure to DNA-damaging agents in the environment. Mutations can be harmful, beneficial, or have no effect.

Detailed explanation-4: -A gene mutation (myoo-TAY-shun) is a change in one or more genes. Some mutations can lead to genetic disorders or illnesses.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mutations are changes that occur in DNA or RNA. Mutations can be silent, meaning they have no effect on the protein made, due to redundancy in the genetic code.