AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An insertion mutation occurs when an extra base pair is added to a sequence of bases. A deletion mutation is the opposite; it occurs when a base pair is deleted from a sequence.

Detailed explanation-2: -An insertion mutation occurs when an extra nucleotide is added to the DNA strand during replication.

Detailed explanation-3: -An insertion changes the DNA sequence by adding one or more nucleotides to the gene. As a result, the protein made from the gene may not function properly.

Detailed explanation-4: -A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by a deletion or insertion in a DNA sequence that shifts the way the sequence is read. A DNA sequence is a chain of many smaller molecules called nucleotides.

Detailed explanation-5: -Gene mutations which involve the substitution, deletion or insertion of a single nitrogenous base are called point mutations.