HEREDITY
MUTATIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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During DNA replication.
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During protein synthesis.
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A mutation can occur any time.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Mutations result either from errors in DNA replication or from the damaging effects of mutagens, such as chemicals and radiation, which react with DNA and change the structures of individual nucleotides. All cells possess DNA-repair enzymes that attempt to minimize the number of mutations that occur (Section 14.2).
Detailed explanation-2: -Mutations can result from errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens or a viral infection. Germline mutations (that occur in eggs and sperm) can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations (that occur in body cells) are not passed on.
Detailed explanation-3: -When do genetic mutations happen? Genetic mutations occur during cell division when your cells divide and replicate. There are two types of cell division: Mitosis: The process of making new cells for your body.
Detailed explanation-4: -While most DNA replicates with fairly high fidelity, mistakes do happen, with polymerase enzymes sometimes inserting the wrong nucleotide or too many or too few nucleotides into a sequence. Fortunately, most of these mistakes are fixed through various DNA repair processes.
Detailed explanation-5: -The genetic mutation occurs during cell division’s “S” (synthesis phase) phase.