AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The sexual reproductive cycle involves an alternation of diploid and haploid states: diploid cells divide by meiosis to form haploid cells, and the haploid cells from two individuals fuse in pairs at fertilization to form new diploid cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -In humans and most other multicellular organisms, the majority of cells are diploid, and only the gametes (egg and sperm cells) are haploid. However, some organisms consist entirely of haploid cells, and may reproduce sexually or asexually.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gametes are an organism’s reproductive cells. They are also referred to as sex cells. Female gametes are called ova or egg cells, and male gametes are called sperm. Gametes are haploid cells, and each cell carries only one copy of each chromosome.

Detailed explanation-4: -During fertilisation, an egg and sperm (gametes) combine to form a cell that contains a complete complement of DNA. In humans, these gametes are haploid as they have one copy of each chromosome, contributed from each parent.