AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females. Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have one X and one Y chromosome. The 22 autosomes are numbered by size.

Detailed explanation-2: -In humans, the twenty-third pair is the sex chromosomes, while the first 22 pairs are called autosomes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Scientists have numbered the chromosome pairs from 1 to 22, with the 23rd pair labeled as X or Y, depending on the structure. The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called autosomes. The 23rd pair of chromosomes are known as the sex chromosomes, because they decide if you will be born male or female.

Detailed explanation-4: -The pairs of autosomes are called “homologous chromosomes.” Homologous chromosomes have all of the same genes arranged in the same order, but there are small differences in the DNA letters of the genes.

Detailed explanation-5: -According to international conventions, human autosomes, or non-sex chromosomes, are numbered from 1 to 22, in descending order by size, with the exceptions of chromosomes 21 and 22, the former actually being the smallest autosome. The sex chromosomes are generally placed at the end of a karyogram.