AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -How are DNA sequences used to make proteins? DNA’s instructions are used to make proteins in a two-step process. First, enzymes read the information in a DNA molecule and transcribe it into an intermediary molecule called messenger ribonucleic acid, or mRNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -DNA sequencing refers to the general laboratory technique for determining the exact sequence of nucleotides, or bases, in a DNA molecule. The sequence of the bases (often referred to by the first letters of their chemical names: A, T, C, and G) encodes the biological information that cells use to develop and operate.

Detailed explanation-3: -DNA carries all the information for your physical characteristics, which are essentially determined by proteins. DNA contains the instructions for making a protein. In DNA, each protein is encoded by a gene (a specific sequence of DNA nucleotides that specify how a single protein is to be made).

Detailed explanation-4: -The genetic code dictates which proteins the cell manufactures. Proteins are strands of amino acids. The sequence of nucleotides in DNA genes determines the order of amino acids in a protein. This is the direct connection between your genes and your traits.

Detailed explanation-5: -DNA is important in terms of heredity. It packs in all the genetic information and passes it on to the next generation. The basis for this lies in the fact that DNA makes genes and genes make chromosomes.