AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The chemiosmotic theory explains the functioning of electron transport chains. According to this theory, the tranfer of electrons down an electron transport system through a series of oxidation-reduction reactions releases energy.

Detailed explanation-2: -Chemiosmosis, the generation of a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, is a crucial requirement for the synthesis of ATP in cellular respiration.

Detailed explanation-3: -As they pass from one carrier to another, the energy they lose is used to pump hydrogen ions into the mitochondrial intermembrane space, creating an electrochemical gradient.

Detailed explanation-4: -Where does chemiosmosis occur? In eukaryotes, it occurs in the mitochondria during cellular respiration and in the chloroplasts during photosynthesis.