LABORATORY REVIEW
CELL RESPIRATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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energy released from the movement of protons through ATP synthase
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energy released from atp synthase pumping hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix
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Detailed explanation-1: -During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons derived from NADH and FADH2 combine with O2, and the energy released from these oxidation/ reduction reactions is used to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP.
Detailed explanation-2: -In chemiosmosis, the proton motive force which is the movement of ions across the membrane is the main source of energy responsible for the conversion of ADP (adenosine triphosphate) and Pi (inorganic phosphate) into ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
Detailed explanation-3: -The ATP synthase uses the energy to transform adenosine diphosphate (ADP) into adenosine triphosphate, in a phosphorylation reaction. The reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme.
Detailed explanation-4: -The electrons from from NADH and FADH2 flow through the electron transport chain in the inner mitochondrial membrane generating a H+ buildup in the inner membrane space. This proton gradient (gradient of H+) flowing through the membrane enzyme complex ATP synthetase is the direct energy source for producing ATP.
Detailed explanation-5: -In oxidative phosphorylation, the energy comes from electrons produced by oxidation of biological molecules.