AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions are used to make sugars in the next stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle.

Detailed explanation-2: -Photosynthesis takes place in two stages: light dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. Light-dependent reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, use light energy to make ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle, which takes place in the stroma, uses energy derived from these compounds to make GA3P from CO2.

Detailed explanation-3: -This process is called carbon fixation, because CO2 is “fixed” from its inorganic form into organic molecules. ATP and NADPH use their stored energy to convert the three-carbon compound, 3-PGA, into another three-carbon compound called G3P.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Calvin cycle uses carbon dioxide molecules as well as ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to make sugars. The reactions of the Calvin cycle use ATP and NADPH as energy sources.

Detailed explanation-5: -Stage II is called the Calvin cycle. This stage combines carbon from carbon dioxide in the air and uses the chemical energy in ATP and NADPH to make glucose.