AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Stacks of thylakoids embedded with pigment molecules are called grana. The inner matrix of the chloroplast is called the stroma .

Detailed explanation-2: -Chloroplasts contain a system of membrane sacs, the thylakoids, some of which are stacked to form grana (singular, granum), whereas others float freely in the stroma. It is on the thylakoid membranes that the electron carriers necessary for photosynthesis reside.

Detailed explanation-3: -A stack of thylakoids is known as “Granum". It increases the surface area of the chloroplasts.

Detailed explanation-4: -Granum is a basic structural unit of the thylakoid membrane network of plant chloroplasts. It is composed of multiple flattened membranes forming a stacked arrangement of a cylindrical shape.

Detailed explanation-5: -Grana: 1. The thylakoids of the chloroplast form stacks of disks which are called the grana (singular – granum). 2. One thylakoid stack is called a granum.