AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The process of making ATP using chemical energy from fuels such as sugars is called cellular respiration, and many of its steps happen inside the mitochondria.

Detailed explanation-2: -In order to create more ATP, our mitochondria go through a series of chemical reactions to break down our food, particularly glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell. They are organelles that act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell. In cellular respiration sugar with the help of oxygen is broken down into ATP (energy molecule).

Detailed explanation-4: -Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is broken down within the cytoplasm of a cell to form pyruvate. Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate can diffuse into mitochondria, where it enters the citric acid cycle and generates reducing equivalents in the form of NADH and FADH2.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mitochondria break down sugar molecules and produce energy in the form of molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondria also help to maintain calcium concentrations, form blood components and hormones, and are involved in activating cell death pathways.