AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts, the light-dependent reactions are located on the innermost membrane of chloroplasts called thylakoid membrane and light-independent reactions occur in the cytoplasm of the chloroplasts called stroma [17].

Detailed explanation-2: -The light independent process (also called dark reactions or the Calvin-Benson cycle) takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast. Carbon dioxide is modified by series of chemical reactions to form carbohydrates.

Detailed explanation-3: -(i) Light reactions occur in grana thylakoids whereas dark reactions occur in stroma of chloroplasts.

Detailed explanation-4: -Stroma is the spot where the light-independent reaction occurs. The light-independent reaction is also recognized as the Calvin-Benson cycle, Calvin Cycle, and dark reaction. The name dark reaction creates confusion as the name shows the reaction takes place in darkness but it’s not true.

Detailed explanation-5: -Dark reaction occurs in stroma of the chloroplast. Q. Photosynthesis involves a series of reactions. The light-dependent reactions occur in the presence of light while the light-independent reactions can occur in the light or dark.