AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -While most aerobic respiration (with oxygen) takes place in the cell’s mitochondria, and anaerobic respiration (without oxygen) takes place within the cell’s cytoplasm.

Detailed explanation-2: -In the mitochondria, cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondrial matrix through the Krebs cycle to form ATP, FADH2 and NADH. The formed FADH2 and NADH then go into the inner mitochondrial membrane where they are involved in the electron transport chain to form more ATP molecules.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mitochondria have an important role in cellular respiration through the production of ATP, using chemical energy found in glucose and other nutrients. Mitochondria are also responsible for generating clusters of iron and sulfur, which are important cofactors of many enzymes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis, but they are present in mitochondria and plastids, the sites of respiration and photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-5: -Within the lungs, the bronchi branch into smaller bronchi and even smaller tubes called bronchioles (pronounced: BRAHN-kee-olz). Bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called alveoli, where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide actually takes place. Each person has hundreds of millions of alveoli in their lungs.