AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The ETC is embedded within the extensive inner membrane of the mitochondrion, in close proximity to the mitochondrial matrix in which the TCA cycle is localized (Fig. 1).

Detailed explanation-2: -The ETC is a collection of proteins bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane and organic molecules, which electrons pass through in a series of redox reactions, and release energy. The energy released forms a proton gradient, which is used in chemiosmosis to make a large amount of ATP by the protein ATP-synthase.

Detailed explanation-3: -Electron transport chain (ETC) occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where the OXPHOS takes place through the action of ATP synthase, [37].

Detailed explanation-4: -At the inner mitochondrial membrane, a high energy electron is passed along an electron transport chain. The energy released pumps hydrogen out of the matrix space. The gradient created by this drives hydrogen back through the membrane, through ATP synthase.

Detailed explanation-5: -The electron transport chain activity takes place in the inner membrane and the space between the inner and outer membrane, called the intermembrane space.