AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Due to motion of molecules of ink in water, it moves around the water and slowly mixes with water. Overall a diffusion process takes place between the particles of ink and particles of water.

Detailed explanation-2: -The food coloring will disperse quickly in the hot water and more slowly in the cold water. The inter-molecular forces of water attract the molecules of dye and carry them away. Heat causes the molecules in the beaker to move around at a faster rate.

Detailed explanation-3: -When we place potassium permanganate crystals into the water, it’s purple colour spreads throughout the water. This shows the diffusion of potassium permanganate in the water. Potassium permanganate has tiny particles, which get into the space between the water molecules.

Detailed explanation-4: -Random movements of the dye and water molecules cause them to bump into each other and mix. Thus, the dye molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Eventually, they are evenly spread throughout the solution.