AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -If we place a cell in the hypertonic solution like in sugar or salt solution, the cell will shrink. It is because the movement of water takes place from lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration i.e from inside sugar solution to attain equilibrium. It results in shrinkage of the cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -When animal cells are put in salty water, water diffuses/moves out of the cell and the cell shrivels up. When plant cells are put in fresh water, water diffuses/moves into the cell and fills up the central vacuole.

Detailed explanation-3: -The water potential of the salt solution, being hypertonic, is less than that of the cytoplasm of the cell. Hence, water comes out of the cell through osmosis and protoplast shrinks. This process is called as plasmolysis.

Detailed explanation-4: -Similarly, if there is a higher concentration of dissolved salt outside of the cell (a hypertonic environment), then H20 will diffuse “out” from the cell and the cell will dehydrate and shrink and cellular metabolism will cease.

Detailed explanation-5: -When an animal cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, then water moves out of the cell as a result of exosmosis. So, when an animal cell will be placed in a hypertonic solution then it would lose water and shrink.