AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Xylem transports water, minerals, and nutrients from the soil to all the plant parts. There are two types of “transport” tissues in plants-xylem and phloem. Water and solutes are transported by the xylem from the roots to the leaves, and food is transported from the leaves to the rest of the plant by the phloem.

Detailed explanation-2: -Answer: Solution: Osmosis, diffusion, and active transport are the three processes by which plants can absorb water and other minerals of the soil.

Detailed explanation-3: -Plants absorb water from the soil by osmosis. They absorb mineral ions by active transport, against the concentration gradient. Root hair cells are adapted for taking up water and mineral ions by having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cohesion-tension essentially combines the process of capillary action with transpiration, or the evaporation of water from the plant stomata. Transpiration is ultimately the main driver of water movement in xylem.

Detailed explanation-5: -The water is absorbed by the root hair and undergoes cell to cell movement by osmosis until it reaches the xylem. This water is then transported through the xylem vessels to the leaves and is evaporated by the process of transpiration.