AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -If the solute concentration outside the cell is lower than inside the cell, and the solutes cannot cross the membrane, then that solution is hypotonic to the cell. If a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, there will be no net flow of water into or out of the cell, and the cell’s volume will remain stable.

Detailed explanation-2: -A hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration compared to the intracellular solute concentration. When a red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, there will be a net movement of free water into the cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -The condition in which the solution outside the cell has a lower solute concentration than the cellular fluids is a hypertonic solution.

Detailed explanation-4: -If the solute concentration is higher, that means solvent (water) concentration is low. If the solute concentration is higher outside the cell, then the water (solvent) concentration is higher inside the cell.

Detailed explanation-5: -In an isotonic solution, the extracellular fluid has the same osmolarity as the cell. If the concentration of solutes of the cell matches that of the extracellular fluid, there will be no net movement of water into or out of the cell.