AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Some molecules or particles are just too large to pass through the plasma membrane or to move through a transport protein. So cells use two other active transport processes to move these macromolecules (large molecules) into or out of the cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -It is possible for large molecules to enter a cell by a process called endocytosis, where a small piece of the cell membrane wraps around the particle and is brought into the cell. If the particle is solid, endocytosis is also called phagocytosis. If fluid droplets are taken in, the processes is called pinocytosis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Large molecules, microorganisms and waste products are some of the substances moved through the cell membrane via exocytosis and endocytosis.

Detailed explanation-4: -Exocytosis is a form of bulk transport during which large numbers of molecules are transported out of the cell. In exocytosis, a vesicle (a small, membrane-bound compartment) containing the molecules to be released fuses with the cell membrane, and the contents of the vesicle are expelled.

Detailed explanation-5: -During exocytosis, the Golgi complex packages macromolecules into transport vesicles that travel to and fuse with the plasma membrane. This fusion causes the vesicle to spill its contents out of the cell.