AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Osmosis can be defined as the spontaneous movement of solvent molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from a lower-concentration solution to a higher-concentration solution.

Detailed explanation-2: -The blood and dialysis fluid are separated only by a thin wall, called a semipermeable membrane. This membrane allows particles that the body needs to get rid of to pass through it, but doesn’t let important parts of the blood (e.g. blood cells) pass through.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hemodialysis (HD) is primarily a diffusion-based transfer of small solutes. Diffusion is dependent on Fick’s law.

Detailed explanation-4: -Osmosis. During osmosis, fluid moves from areas of high water concentration to lower water concentration across a semi-permeable membrane until equilibrium is reached. In dialysis, excess fluid moves from blood to the dialysate through a membrane until the fluid level is the same between blood and dialysate.

Detailed explanation-5: -dialysis dīăl´ĭsĭs [key], in chemistry, transfer of solute (dissolved solids) across a semipermeable membrane. Strictly speaking, dialysis refers only to the transfer of the solute; transfer of the solvent is called osmosis. Dialysis is frequently used to separate different components of a solution.