AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Nitrates are especially needed for protein synthesis. They take these in from the soil. Mineral ions are in a higher concentration inside the root hair cells than in the soil. They then move via active transport from the soil into the root hair cells in order to enter the plant.

Detailed explanation-2: -Active transport is a mode of transportation in plants, which uses stored energy to move the particles against the concentration gradient. In a plant cell, it takes place in the root cells by absorbing water and minerals.

Detailed explanation-3: -Plants absorb water from the soil by osmosis. They absorb mineral ions by active transport, against the concentration gradient. Root hair cells are adapted for taking up water and mineral ions by having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plants use active transport in the following ways: Photosynthesis sugars make their way from the leaf to the fruit. Calcium moves between cells with the use of ATP energy. Minerals pass via a stem on their way to different areas of the plants. Root pressure transports water from the plant roots to other plant cells.