AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A hypertonic solution contains a high solute concentration with respect to cells. For example, a solution containing 10% salt is hypertonic.

Detailed explanation-2: -10% NaCl is a hypertonic solution in comparison to the internal cellular liquid of RBC. Since there are more solute particles outside in the salt water than inside in the cytoplasm. This means that water will move out of the cells by osmosis due to the concentration gradient, and the cells will become shrivelled.

Detailed explanation-3: -Any solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water with a concentration of NaCl higher than that found in physiological saline (0.9% w/v).

Detailed explanation-4: -0.9% saline is a perfectly isotonic solution that is isoosmolar to human plasma and is not associated with hypernatremia [2].

Detailed explanation-5: -Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) is isotonic. 0.09% NaCl contains a lower concentration of salt. It is, therefore, hypotonic.