AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mitosis is used to produce daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cells. The cell copies-or ‘replicates’-its chromosomes, and then splits the copied chromosomes equally to make sure that each daughter cell has a full set. Your body contains trillions of cells (thousands of millions).

Detailed explanation-2: -The daughter cells are genetically identical because they each contain the same diploid chromosome complement as the original parent cell. It can be seen in the stages shown above that mitosis maintains the chromosome number or complement of a cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mitosis produces two genetically identical “daughter” cells from a single “parent” cell, whereas meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique from the parent and contain only half as much DNA. Most cells in the body regularly go through mitosis, but some do so more often than others.

Detailed explanation-4: -The gametes produced in meiosis are all haploid, but they’re not genetically identical.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells, each containing a complete copy of the parent cell’s DNA. Meiosis produces four genetically non-identical daughter cells, which increases genetic variation among gametes (and, therefore, genetic diversity in the population).