LABORATORY REVIEW
MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Somatic cells have twice the chromosomes of gametes
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Somatic cells have four times the chromosomes of gametes
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Somatic cells have half the chromosomes of gametes
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Somatic cells have 1/4 the chromosomes of gametes
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Detailed explanation-1: -A somatic cell is a cell with two complete sets of chromosomes (2n). Somatic cells are present everywhere in the body. However, gametes possess a single set of chromosomes (n).
Detailed explanation-2: -Human somatic cells have 46 chromosomes consisting of two sets of 22 homologous chromosomes and a pair of nonhomologous sex chromosomes. This is the 2n, or diploid, state. Human gametes have 23 chromosomes or one complete set of chromosomes. This is the n, or haploid, state.
Detailed explanation-3: -Somatic cells are body cells and gametes are our sex cells, or sperm and eggs. Somatic cells have a diploid genome. This means that they get two copies of each chromosome, one from mom and one from dad. Gametes on the other hand are formed through a process called meiosis, which creates a haploid genome.
Detailed explanation-4: -In humans, somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes organized into 23 pairs. By contrast, gametes of diploid organisms contain only half as many chromosomes. In humans, this is 23 unpaired chromosomes. When two gametes (i.e. a spermatozoon and an ovum) meet during conception, they fuse together, creating a zygote.
Detailed explanation-5: -Egg and sperm cells have just 23 chromosomes each. That’s half as many chromosomes as regular cells. Through the process of fertilization, egg and sperm join to make a cell with 46 chromosomes (23 pairs), called a zygote.