AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The primary spermatocyte divides meiotically (Meiosis I) into two secondary spermatocytes; each secondary spermatocyte divides into two equal haploid spermatids by Meiosis II. The spermatids are transformed into spermatozoa (sperm) by the process of spermiogenesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -Meiosis is a special process of reductional cell division; it results in the formation of four gametes containing half (1N) the number of chromosomes found in somatic cells. Haploid gametes unite at fertilization to create a diploid zygote.

Detailed explanation-3: -The third phase of spermatogenesis is the maturation phase. This phase consists of two cellular divisions called meiosis I and meiosis II.

Detailed explanation-4: -Meiosis in males occurs during spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules of the testicles after puberty. The diploid cells present in the testes experience meiosis to produce haploid sperm cells having 23 chromosomes. One diploid cell gives 4 haploid sperm cells through the process of meiosis.

Detailed explanation-5: -Spermatogenesis is a highly regulated process by which diploid spermatogonial stem cells undergo mitotic expansion and then differentiate into spermatocytes that progress through meiosis to produce haploid spermatids, which in turn undergo elongation to give rise to spermatozoa (Jan et al., 2012).