AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In eukaryotes, the cell cycle consists of four discrete phases: G1, S, G2, and M. The S or synthesis phase is when DNA replication occurs, and the M or mitosis phase is when the cell actually divides. The other two phases-G1 and G2, the so-called gap phases-are less dramatic but equally important.

Detailed explanation-2: -Thus, cytokinesis can be considered to occur in four stages-initiation, contraction, membrane insertion, and completion. The central problem for a cell undergoing cytokinesis is to ensure that it occurs at the right time and in the right place.

Detailed explanation-3: -Anaphase: During anaphase, the centromere splits, allowing the sister chromatids to separate. The kinetochore spindle fibers shorten, allowing for 46 of the newly-freed chromatids to be dragged to one end of the cell and the remaining 46 chromatids to be dragged to the opposite end of the cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Stages of mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. Cytokinesis typically overlaps with anaphase and/or telophase. You can remember the order of the phases with the famous mnemonic: [Please] Pee on the MAT.