AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mitosis is responsible for the regeneration of the broken tail of a lizard.

Detailed explanation-2: -Regrowth of amputated skeletal elements involves blastema-based regeneration. The term ‘blastema’ refers to a mass of cells that act as progenitors for regenerated tissues. The capacity to form blastemas decreases dramatically with age, and lizards are the only amniotes capable of blastema-based regeneration as adults.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mitosis is the process responsible for regeneration and repair. Mitosis helps in cell growth and development. Cells can grow old and wear off or they can get bruised and injured but eventually, they repair and regenerate.

Detailed explanation-4: -Lizard tail regeneration is dependent upon the spinal cord Comparisons between non-regenerative and regenerative organisms have identified two tissues/structures both unique to regenerative species and required for regeneration: (1) the apical cap and (2) the tail spinal cord (3).

Detailed explanation-5: -Lizards capable of caudal autotomy exhibit the remarkable ability to “drop” and then regenerate their tails. However, the regenerated lizard tail (RLT) is known as an “imperfect replicate” due to several key anatomical differences compared to the original tail.