AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cell cycle is the name we give the process through which cells replicate and make two new cells. Cell cycle has different stages called G1, S, G2, and M. G1 is the stage where the cell is preparing to divide. To do this, it then moves into the S phase where the cell copies all the DNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -G2 is the shortest phase of interphase. It is when organelles and proteins necessary for cell division are produced. The cell requires a bunch of proteins and other stuff to separate the chromosomes and divide the cell in half. All of these materials are produced during G2.

Detailed explanation-3: -The G2-phase checkpoint, also known as G2/M-phase checkpoint, has the function of preventing cells with damaged DNA, lasting from the G1 and S phases or generated in G2, from undergoing mitosis. The mechanisms acting during the G2-phase checkpoint converge on the inhibition of the mitotic complex CDK1-cyclin B.

Detailed explanation-4: -Two gap phases precede the S and M phases; in G1 the cell prepares for DNA synthesis, and in G2 the cell prepares for the mitotic division that takes place in the M phase.

Detailed explanation-5: -Cytokinesis. Cytokinesis is the second part of the mitotic phase during which cell division is completed by the physical separation of the cytoplasmic components into two daughter cells.