AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The product of transcription is RNA, which can be encountered in the form mRNA, tRNA or rRNA while the product of translation is a polypeptide amino acid chain, which forms a protein. Transcription occurs in the nucleus in eukaryotic organisms, while translation occurs in the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum.

Detailed explanation-2: -What is the end product of transcription? An RNA transcript is obtained as an end product of transcription. It can form any type of RNA such as rRNA, mRNA, non-coding RNA and tRNA. The prokaryotes form a polycistronic mRNA whereas eukaryotes form a monocistronic mRNA.

Detailed explanation-3: -When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, it releases the mRNA strand and amino acid sequence. The amino acid sequence is the final result of translation, and is known as a polypeptide.

Detailed explanation-4: -Both ends of a pre-mRNA are modified by the addition of chemical groups. The group at the beginning (5’ end) is called a cap, while the group at the end (3’ end) is called a tail.

Detailed explanation-5: -After the transcription of DNA to mRNA is complete, translation-or the reading of these mRNAs to make proteins-begins.