AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Spliceozymes: Ribozymes that Remove Introns from Pre-mRNAs in Trans.

Detailed explanation-2: -The RNA-splicing endonuclease is an evolutionarily conserved enzyme responsible for the excision of introns from nuclear transfer RNA (tRNA) and all archaeal RNAs.

Detailed explanation-3: -One end of the intron is cut and folded back on itself to join and form a loop. The spliceosome then cuts the RNA to release the loop and join the two exons together. The edited RNA and intron are released and the spliceosome disassembles. This process is repeated for every intron in the RNA.

Detailed explanation-4: -The extensive interplay of RNA and proteins in aligning the pre-mRNA’s reactive groups, and the presence of both RNA and protein at the core of the splicing machinery, suggest that the spliceosome is an RNP enzyme.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mutations in the Spliceosome Machinery Spliceosomes are complexes composed of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) that remove introns in protein-encoding genes.