AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Function of DNA Polymerase. DNA polymerase is one of the enzymes responsible for the replication of DNA. It catalyzes the formation of new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the existing DNA template strand. DNA polymerase also plays a role in repairing damaged DNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -While most DNA replicates with fairly high fidelity, mistakes do happen, with polymerase enzymes sometimes inserting the wrong nucleotide or too many or too few nucleotides into a sequence. Fortunately, most of these mistakes are fixed through various DNA repair processes.

Detailed explanation-3: -DNA polymerase can make mistakes while adding nucleotides. It edits the DNA by proofreading every newly added base. Incorrect bases are removed and replaced by the correct base, and then a new base is added.

Detailed explanation-4: -During DNA synthesis, most DNA polymerases “check their work, ” fixing the majority of mispaired bases in a process called proofreading. Immediately after DNA synthesis, any remaining mispaired bases can be detected and replaced in a process called mismatch repair.