AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A codon or a code word is defined as a group of bases that specify an amino acid. There is strong evidence, which proves that a sequence of three nucleotides codes for an amino acid in the protein, i.e., the code is a triplet. The four bases of nucleotide i.e, (A, G, C, and U) are used to produce three-base codons.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ge netic cod e consists of the sequence of ni trogen bases-A, C, G, U-in an mRNA chain. The four bases make up the “letters” of the genetic code. The letters are combined in groups of three to form code “words, ” called codons.

Detailed explanation-3: -The beauty of the system emerges from the fact that there are 64 possible words but they only need 21 different meanings-20 amino acids plus a stop sign. That creates the first layer of redundancy, since codons can be synonyms.

Detailed explanation-4: -The genetic code is made up of codons, which are three-letter chains of nucleotides. Each codon codes for one specific amino acid. The code determines the order in which amino acids are added to a polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. Therefore, the genetic code dictates the sequence of amino acids in a protein.

Detailed explanation-5: -These chemical bonds act like rungs in a ladder and help hold the two strands of DNA together. There are four nucleotides, or bases, in DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). These bases form specific pairs (A with T, and G with C).