LABORATORY REVIEW
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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each codon is the code for a particular amino acid
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each codon is the code for a nucleotide sequence
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each codon is the code for one of the bases found in DNA
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each codon is the code for a base found in RNA
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Detailed explanation-1: -Each codon instructs the cell to start the creation of a protein chain, to add a specific amino acid to the growing protein chain, or to stop creation of the protein chain. For instance, a messenger RNA codon, GCA, signals the addition of the amino acid alanine to the protein chain.
Detailed explanation-2: -(Note, however, that each codon represents only one amino acid or stop codon.) This phenomenon is known as redundancy or degeneracy, and it is important to the genetic code because it minimizes the harmful effects that incorrectly placed nucleotides can have on protein synthesis.
Detailed explanation-3: -A sequence of three consecutive nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid. Certain codons signal the start or end of translation. These are called start or stop (or termination) codons.
Detailed explanation-4: -Each codon corresponds to a single amino acid (or stop signal), and the full set of codons is called the genetic code. The genetic code includes 64 possible permutations, or combinations, of three-letter nucleotide sequences that can be made from the four nucleotides.