AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -It consists of two major steps: transcription and translation. Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression. During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene’s DNA is passed to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus.

Detailed explanation-2: -Portions of DNA Sequence Are Transcribed into RNA Hence the name transcription. Like DNA, RNA is a linear polymer made of four different types of nucleotide subunits linked together by phosphodiester bonds (Figure 6-4).

Detailed explanation-3: -Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA).

Detailed explanation-4: -Transcription begins when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence near the beginning of a gene (directly or through helper proteins). RNA polymerase uses one of the DNA strands (the template strand) as a template to make a new, complementary RNA molecule. Transcription ends in a process called termination.