AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Having smaller leaves with fewer stomata can reduce water loss from transpiration. And this is one of the adaptations we see in desert plants . Cacti are common in desert biomes. These fascinating plants have taken the adaptation of smaller leaves to the extreme by modifying their leaves into spines.

Detailed explanation-2: -The leaves of desert plants are modified to spines. This reduces the surface area and in turn, reduces the loss of water by transpiration. Spines also protect the desert plants from being eaten by animals.

Detailed explanation-3: -The main way that cactus spines prevent cacti from losing water is by reducing air flow around the cactus. Spines break up air flow, which can help reduce evaporation. The trapped air around the cactus can also create a buffer zone with slightly more moist air.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cacti utilize CAM photosynthesis, a process unique to succulents. In CAM photosynthesis, stomata open only at night when the plant is relatively cool, so less moisture is lost through transpiration.

Detailed explanation-5: -Some desert plants store water in their leaves, stems, or roots. Others have thick, waxy skin that helps prevent water loss. Some desert plants have small leaves that help reduce evaporation. Others have deep taproots that help them reach the underground water sources.