AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Induction of winter dormancy or frost hardening by short days and low temperatures above freezing often decreases the rate of photosynthesis, with much of the reduction associated with stomatal closure (Öquist, 1983).

Detailed explanation-2: -Low temperature depresses the rate of photosynthesis both directly and indirectly, either by influencing the activity of photosynthetic enzymes involved in the Calvin cycle, such as Rubisco (Yamori et al., 2010), or by reducing stomatal conductance (Allen et al., 2002).

Detailed explanation-3: -During the winter months, a combination of factors, including lower temperatures, reduced light intensity and shorter days, means that plants can only photosynthesise at a slow rate and for restricted periods. As a result, photosynthesis cannot produce energy as fast as respiration expends it.

Detailed explanation-4: -If it is too cold, the rate of photosynthesis will decrease as the enzymes can’t work effectively. Equally plants cannot photosynthesise if it gets too hot as this causes their enzymes to denature . The growth of the plant is affected by the temperature.

Detailed explanation-5: -If the temperature decreases, the rate of photosynthesis will decrease as enzyme activity slows. If the temperature increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases. If the temperature is too high, enzymes will denature, causing photosynthesis to slow drastically.