AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Plants transpire more rapidly at higher temperatures because water evaporates more rapidly as the temperature rises. At 30°C, a leaf may transpire three times as fast as it does at 20°C. The rate of diffusion of any substance increases as the difference in concentration of the substances in the two regions increases.

Detailed explanation-2: -When temperature increases, the viscosity of water declines and mesophyll conductance (gm) increases, which may improve the supply of water to sites of evaporation and thus increase stomatal aperture (Cochard et al., 2000; von Caemmerer and Evans, 2015).

Detailed explanation-3: -Transpiration is affected by temperature. As temperature increases, so does the rate of transpiration as the water particles gain more energy to diffuse into the plant evaporate out of the stomata.

Detailed explanation-4: -As the temperature increases, transpiration will increase due to a higher concentration in sunlight and warm air. However, if temperatures remain high for long periods of time eventually leading to drought, transpiration may go down to conserve water in the plant.

Detailed explanation-5: -Transpiration rates are higher when the relative humidity of air is low, which can occur due to windy conditions or when the temperatures are high. At higher relative humidity, there is less transpiration. Carbon dioxide levels in the air that control the stomata opening will also influence transpiration rates.