AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Option (b) The spongy mesophyll cells of the leaf make most of the water evaporate during transpiration. Explanation: Transpiration is the process by which water evaporates at the surfaces of the spongy mesophyll cells in leaves. This is further followed by the loss of water vapour through the stomata.

Detailed explanation-2: -When the plant opens its stomata to let in carbon dioxide, water on the surface of the cells of the spongy mesophyll and palisade mesophyll evaporates and diffuses out of the leaf. This process is called transpiration .

Detailed explanation-3: -Evaporation is more prevalent over the oceans than precipitation, while over the land, precipitation routinely exceeds evaporation. Most of the water that evaporates from the oceans falls back into the oceans as precipitation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Our results corroborate earlier predictions that most evaporation occurs from the epidermis at low light and moderate humidity but that the mesophyll contributes substantially when the leaf center is warmed by light absorption, and more so under high humidity.

Detailed explanation-5: -The water present in the intercellular spaces of the mesophyll cells, is heated due to sunlight and converted to water vapour(gaseous phase).