AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -These cells contain most of the chloroplasts in a leaf.

Detailed explanation-2: -The palisade cells are closely packed together to maximize light absorption. In the leaf cross-section we can see the palisade cells are only found in the upper part of the leaf. The cells in the spongy mesophyll layer are not as closely packed as the cells in the palisade mesophyll layer.

Detailed explanation-3: -The definition of palisade is a layer of plant cells containing chloroplasts right below the cuticle and upper epidermis in plants.

Detailed explanation-4: -Photosynthesis takes place inside the chloroplasts that sit in the mesophyll of the leaves. The thylakoids sit inside the chloroplast and they contain chlorophyll which absorbs the different colours of the light spectrum to create energy (Source: Biology: LibreTexts).

Detailed explanation-5: -Chloroplasts, found mainly in the middle layer of the leaf, are bound by a double membrane that encloses the stroma, the dense fluid content of the chloroplast.