AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Stomata are mouth-like cellular complexes at the epidermis that regulate gas transfer between plants and atmosphere. In leaves, they typically open during the day to favor CO2 diffusion when light is available for photosynthesis, and close at night to limit transpiration and save water.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stomata in xerophytes open in night and remain close during day to prevent loss of water through transpiration.

Detailed explanation-3: -In desert plants, the stomata is open during night. During night, desert plants absorb carbon dioxide and form an intermediate. Then during day time when the stomata is closed to prevent loss of water, they use this stored carbon dioxide to perform photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-4: -Photosynthesis does not occur in the absence of light during the night. However, respiration occurs in night, necessitating the diffusion of gases. Stomata are not entirely closed at night, thus there is still some room for oxygen and carbon dioxide diffusion.

Detailed explanation-5: -Q. Assertion :Normally stomata are open in the day time and close during the night. Reason: The cause of the opening or closing of stomata is the change in the turgidity of the guard cells.