AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Higher than ambient CO2 concentrations mediate a closure of stomatal pores in plants and conversely, low CO2 concentrations trigger opening of stomatal pores.

Detailed explanation-2: -Since plant cells need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, carbon dioxide concentrations are another key factor. If carbon dioxide concentrations inside the leaf start to fall, the plant will open its stomata so that more CO2 can enter, even under dry conditions when the stomata would ordinarily be closed.

Detailed explanation-3: -Generally, ion and organic solute concentration levels determine the turgor pressure of guard cells and subsequently affect stomatal aperture. Under elevated CO2, stomata tend to close because a greater depolarization seems to appear in GCs.

Detailed explanation-4: -The stoma is opening and closing in response to changing levels of carbon dioxide and humidity. As the climate changes, both atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and temperature increase, affecting the balance between carbon dioxide entry and water vapor loss through the stomata.